5 Ways to Pick the Right Mask for You

So you're about to go off on a grand dive adventure. To make sure you can see crystal clear on every dive, you want get to get your own mask before you go! What should you look for when you buy a scuba mask?

So many masks, so little time!

Tip 1. Price is not top priority

There are millions of masks out there to fit millions of faces. Some brands are better than others, of course, but don't assume that just because it carries the highest price tag, that it's the best mask for you. My first scuba mask was a $100 thing that leaked so I had to basically cement it to my face. I later discovered a $25 mask that fit my face like a glove, so I've been using that one for six years now.

Tip 2. How you test fit is important

When you're testing a mask at the store, don't put the strap on. The best way to test for fit is to hold the mask up to your face without putting the strap on, suck in and see how it seals to your face. If it makes a suction-y noise when you pull it off, that's the ideal fit.

Of course, things might change when you're underwater and under pressure, but the on-land fit test is a pretty accurate one. Ideally, you'll find a rental mask that you just love when you're on vacation, and then you know exactly which one to buy when you get home!

Tip 3. Don't wear the mask too tight

If a mask fits you properly, it should actually stick to your face when you're under pressure without having the strap on. The strap is essentially there so that the mask doesn't come off on land, and so that you can clip it to your BCD, but your mask shouldn't fall off your face if your strap happens to break underwater.

Unfortunately, too many people wear their masks way too tight, and that can alter the grooves in your face, which can cause leaking. So you wear your mask tight so that it doesn't leak, and then it has the opposite effect. No bueno.

Tip 4. De-fog your mask the right way

When manufacturers make masks, they line the inside of the mask with silicone to preserve the masks in transit. If you don't get rid of it, your new mask will fog up every time you dive, even if you put the most expensive de-fog in the world in it.

Use toothpaste to get rid of the silicone inside the mask. You don't want a gel toothpaste because there are no abrasives in it, you basically want whatever cheap toothpaste you can find. Put it in the mask and rub it around for a while. We've discovered that using ScotchBrite to rub the toothpaste around speeds the process up significantly, but make sure the gentle kind so that you don't scratch the mask.

You'll often hear people recommending burning the mask with a lighter, but unless someone is really, really experienced and really, really careful with it, I would strongly advise against it. If you burn too much, you'll ruin the temper of the glass and it's not as strong as it's supposed to be.

Tip 5. Store your mask properly

Rinse your mask after every dive. After every dive or snorkel trip, you should wash the mask with dishwashing soap, let it dry, then store it in a cool, dry area. Sunlight and heat age the silicone skirt of the mask really quickly, so you want to avoid that. If you treat your mask well, you'll get years and years out of it, so it's just good investment practices to keep it well-maintained.

And those are our Top Five Tips for buying a scuba mask! We'll have more posts coming up about other pieces of scuba equipment as well, so stay tuned!

5 Surefire Ways to be a Scuba Beauty

Let's face it, scuba diving is not the most glamorous sport. I don't know who decided that sexy was the way to go in all those scuba equipment ads in the magazines, but it is a big fat lie. Mask marks, snot on your face and a saggy wetsuit is what defines a true diver.

There are, however, some ways that we can come out of our dives not looking like the Tasmanian Devil. So ladies, I give you Five Surefire Ways to be a Scuba Beauty!

Tip 1. Keep your hair back with a headband or hoods

There's nothing worse than getting your hair snagged in your mask strap or having it floating all around your face. Headbands are cheap and something you can find anywhere. Preferably go for a thick headband so that it doesn't slide around as much, or there are some headbands specifically designed for swimming and scuba diving that are made from more durable materials, like silicone.

For hairstyles, braids seems to be the best option to avoid your hair from going all over the place. You can do a french braid and not need a headband at all, or use a headband and braid your hair normally.

Another option is to wear a hood. That way, all your hair is contained and you don't have to worry at all! If you're worried about feeling constricted, opt for a thin "beginner" hood instead of a neoprene one.

Tip 2. Soak your hair in fresh water before your dive

Our hair is porous, and that's one of the reasons that salt water wreaks such havoc on your hair, because the salt water soaks in completely. If you soak or rinse your hair in fresh water before you go diving, your hair will be maxed out on what it can absorb, so the salt water won't be able to soak into your hair. It won't prevent of salt water damage completely, but it will certainly limit the damage!

Tip 3. Rinse your hair with fresh water right after you dive

You don't even have to use conditioner, just make sure to rinse your hair with fresh water after you dive. If there are no showers or hoses available after your dive, then you can even use your water bottle as an impromptu shower as well. Rinsing the salt water off as soon as possible will help prevent damage.

On the plus side, salt water in your hair means that your hair will start to bleach, so if you're going for a lighter look, this is certainly an au naturel way to do it!

Tip 4. Waterproof is your friend

I wouldn't advise wearing make-up when you dive because it's all just going to come off, but if you have to wear make-up, please go for waterproof options. Your eyes may look lovely and lined before the dive, but you're just going to end up looking like a panda afterwards.

In general, I would advise against foundation, concealer, blush and lipstick, even if they're waterproof. The foundation will just end up all over your mask, so you'll have a weird, make-up-less circle around your eyes where it's come off, and you'll have more lipstick on your mouthpiece than on your lips.

Tip 5. Don't worry, be happy!

We're all going to have bad hair or skin days, even when we're not diving. We're going to have nights that we didn't get enough sleep, or our noses are runny. It happens.

The best thing about diving is that we're all in the same boat (figuratively speaking). When we're diving, all of us, no matter what, are going to come up with snot all over our faces and salt water in our mouths. Don't worry about how you look, just focus on how you feel and how awesome that dive was and how accomplished you feel. That's the key to making you a true Scuba Beauty!

Tips for Maintaining Scuba Cylinder Health

Out of all your scuba diving equipment, your scuba cylinder is the unsung hero of it all. We have a tendency to focus on the quality and maintenance of the wetsuits, BCDs and regulators of wherever we go diving, but not on the most important feature of your scuba equipment, and your lifeline.

Scuba cylinders are filled with filtered, compressed air. The air is taken through the air intake of the compressor and passes through a filtration system, where particles and moisture are filtered out of it. However, even with the proper filtration systems, scuba cylinders still need to be inspected once in a while to ensure that they are in proper working order. The two inspection requirements are the visual inspection and hydrostatic test.

1. Visual inspection

Scuba cylinders should be visually inspected once a year by a qualified visual cylinder inspector. In a visual inspection, we empty the tank, take the valve off the top of the cylinder and take a look inside for corrosion, aluminum alloy build-up and moisture. Whenever you dive somewhere, make sure to check for the visual inspection sticker. If it's not there, ask the dive center when their last visual inspection was.

Always check visual inspections before you dive

2. Hydrostatic testing

Scuba cylinders should normally be tested every two to five years, based on local laws and regulations. In a hydrostatic test, the cylinder is normally filled to 5/3 of its normal fill capacity, and then cylinder walls' flex is tested. Hydrostatic testing is imperative to maintaining the integrity of tanks, and therefore imperative to maintaining your safety. Scuba cylinders will have the last date of hydrostatic testing embedded into them. Most local laws and regulations will not exceed five years for hydrostatic testing requirements, so if the last date of testing was over five years ago, make sure to ask about it.

This tank was hydrostatically tested in May 2013

Here are some tips to help maintain your scuba cylinders:

1. Don't ever empty a tank completely.

Pressure inside the tank prevents water from entering it. Make sure never to empty your tank too quickly either, as that can cause condensation to build up on the inside and outside.

2. Have your tanks filled only by reputable scuba air stations

If a guy is filling scuba tanks out of the back of his van, the air probably isn't going to be super clean. Remember, even minute percentages of contamination, such as carbon monoxide, will be greater under pressure, so you want to make sure your air is clean to prevent such issues.

An analysis certificate from Trace Analytics, based on a quarterly air sample

Air stations should get their air tested, preferably quarterly. We use Trace Analytics, an independent testing lab in Texas. We send them air samples every three months, and they send back the results to let us know if the air passes. Air testing is a great way of also checking on the compressor's health, because if the air doesn't pass, it's a sign that there may be something wrong with the compressor as well.

3. Store your cylinders in a cool, dry place

Extreme heat is the death of scuba cylinders, so avoid putting them under extra pressure and keep them out of the sun. Also make sure to keep them standing in a cool, dry place where they can't get knocked over.

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Our scuba cylinders are such an important part of our scuba equipment, so make sure not to neglect them! Remember, maintenance is key when it comes to anything, so keep all of your scuba gear well-maintained and serviced and you will get many years of diving with them.

Happy diving!

5 Ways to Weight Yourself Perfectly for Scuba Diving

One of the first questions we ask all of our divers when they checked in is, "How many weights do you need?". It's so important to keep track of your weighting to make each dive, wherever you go, as easy and relaxing as possible. Being severely underweighted or overweighted on your dives can be incredibly stressful, especially if you are not an experienced diver. Your dive center can try to help you out by estimating the weights you need, but especially with everyone's different body compositions, they aren't always going to be able to accurately predict what you need.

Here are some tips to help you weight yourself accurately every time.

Tip 1. Keep records

Every time you dive, make sure to note your exposure suit type and the weights you used. That way, the next time you dive somewhere, you can just look through your logbook, find the corresponding exposure suit to match what you'll be wearing this time, and weight yourself accordingly.

As a note, BCD and fin types can also affect buoyancy, so if your equipment drastically changes between dive trips, take that into account as well. Always perform a buoyancy check on your first dive in a new place.

Tip 2. Be aware each time you are weighted

We get a lot of people telling us "I used four (or any other number) weights last time". Four 2-pounders? Four 3-pounders? Four 4-pounders? Don't count on just knowing the number of weights you had, make sure to keep in mind how much each weight weighed as well. It's your responsibility to be aware of your weighting needs, so even if your dive center sets everything up for you, you need to keep track yourself.

Tip 3. Focus on your breathing techniques

You could be perfectly weighted, but if you don't breathe properly, your buoyancy could be off anyways. If you tend to keep air in your lungs, learn how to empty them completely. Breathe in and out big, deep breaths, and never hold your breath. Your lungs act as an additional buoyancy control device, and holding your breathe will only add to your buoyancy. Good breathing will greatly improve your buoyancy control and your diving.

Tip 4. Learn what weight distribution works for you

There are different ways to weight yourself. Some people prefer weight belts, some prefer integrated weights, some like to use a combination of both. Everyone is different in their preferences and in what works best for their diving. Figure out which method you prefer, as well as the distribution you prefer, and stick to what works best for you.

It is important, however, to be flexible. If you're relying on rental gear, you kind of have to use what they have available. A lot of dive centers don't have integrated weight pockets in their rental gear, so if integrated is something you must, must use, consider purchasing your own BCD to avoid problems.

Tip 5. Take a buoyancy control course

Whenever we have a PADI Advanced Open Water Diver course starting, one Adventure Dive that we always encourage is the Peak Performance Buoyancy dive. It's a great opportunity to really figure out how much weight you need, you learn what it feels like to be both over- and underweighted in a controlled environment, and we have little obstacle courses and games to help you focus on your breathing and buoyancy. The PPB dive, and corresponding specialty, can improve your diving in so many ways, so it's a continuing education option that you should definitely consider.

Bonus tip. Practice makes perfect!

Every time you dive, take the time to focus on all aspects of your diving techniques. Think about your breathing, your kicking, your weight distribution - think about all of it every time you dive. As a certified diver, you should know these things. Don't rely on the dive center to be able to figure it out for you. It's your responsibility, both to yourself, to your buddy and to your dive center, to be the best, most self-aware diver you can be.

Happy diving!

5 Easy Ways to Improve your Buoyancy

Good buoyancy is one of the most important components of being a good diver. If you're flopping all over the place, crawling on the coral and landing on top of other divers, you are not being a good diver or a good buddy.

Fortunately, buoyancy is an easy thing to improve with just a few simple steps! Let's discuss our 5 Easy Ways to Improve your Buoyancy, shall we?

Check out Roatan Divers' instructor, Eri, demonstrating her mad buoyancy skills!

Tip 1. Take a buoyancy course

You heard this in our piece on improving your air consumption. Good buoyancy can improve so many things, including air consumption, kicking and how kind you are to the reef and your fellow divers, so kill a flock of birds with one stone by taking a buoyancy course.

Though it may not sound terribly exciting, a buoyancy course is, in my humble opinion, the greatest thing you can do for your scuba diving. You'll find out how many weights you need to achieve neutral buoyancy, learn how to dive well when you're both under- and over-weighted and practice using your lungs to adjust your buoyancy. Throw in different obstacle courses to make it extra fun and challenging, and you've got yourself an experience that will benefit you for the rest of your scuba diving career.

Tip 2. Log your weights every time

Whenever we are kitting people up, one of the questions we ask is "how many weights do you need?". You would not believe how many people walk through our doors and don't actually know, and can't even ballpark, how many weights they need. As dive professionals, we can eyeball your weights fairly accurately 85% of the time, but some people require more weights than it seems and some require less. We then spend the first few dives trying to sort out your weights, and your air consumption, buoyancy and experience inevitably suffer a little for it.

To avoid the breaking in period every time you go on a dive holiday, you should log how many weights you used on each dive every single time. That way, when you show up somewhere new, you can have an idea of how many weights you need. Even if the equipment or environment is different (fresh vs salt water, 3mm shortie vs 5mm long wetsuit), if you know how many weights you used previously, you can calculate accordingly. Scuba diving very overweighted or underweighted can make your diving a lot harder and you'll blow through your air faster. If you can start your dive trip properly weighted, and all it takes it writing a few numbers in your logbook, why not do it?

Tip 3. Focus on your kicking style

Scuba diving should basically be a practice of hovering with the odd kick here or there. You could be well streamlined and properly weighted, but if you are kicking poorly, then you are cancelling out everything else. Keep your body horizontal and kick from your hips, or you can frog kick if you're feeling comfortable. Bicycle kicking, which is where you are upright and kick from your knees like you're riding a bicycle, will only kick you up towards the surface and throw your buoyancy off balance. You'll also end up kicking up the coral or sand and become the reef's and your dive group's Enemy #1, so it's to everyone's benefit if you kick properly.

Tip 4. Look ma, no hands!

Part of efficient movement underwater also involves not using your hands. Using your hands will tire you out and you run the very real risking of hitting someone in the face or breaking off some coral. There's a reason that we say you shouldn't touch coral. Yes, it's for the coral's benefit because it's very fragile and you can damage it, but it's also to protect you as well. Coral is sharp, and whatever coral cuts you have will get infected. Focus on keeping your arms clasped in of you or by your side.

One of our former instructors used to have all of his Open Water students hold their arms out in front of them in a Superman pose. This kept them aware of their arms, and it also naturally forced their bodies into a horizontal position. This was a great way to practice good kicking and hand placement until they were comfortable enough to find their own rhythm and preferences.

Tip 5. Don't be afraid to take advice

No one goes into scuba diving wanting to be a bad diver, right? But like all activities, there are some things that you'll be great at first try and some that will take work. Don't be afraid to ask for, or take advice from, more experienced divers and dive professionals. Of course, if someone is being nosy or rude, then you can tell them to butt out, but if someone offers you sane, comprehensive advice that is going to help your buoyancy or your scuba diving, then it's okay to take it. We all need advice sometimes, and it's better to take the advice and become a better diver than to believe that you're above that and never improve. As with everything in life, you can always get better, and you should always strive to do so. Life was meant for learning and growing!

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And there it is, our 5 Easy Ways to Improve your Buoyancy! We hope you have an easy, breezy dive filled with wonderful schools of fish and abundant coral. Happy diving!

5 Smart Ways to Improve your Air Consumption

You're 40 minutes into the most amazing dive in the world, surrounded by beautiful schools of fish and vibrant soft coral moving gently in the currently, when an enormous eagle ray comes gently floating by. You want to stay in this moment forever when...curse! You're at 700 psi. It's time to start your safety stop and end the dive.

Want to avoid these types of scenarios? Good air consumption can open up your world when it comes to scuba diving, so let's discuss 5 smart ways to improve your air consumption.

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Instructor Eri demonstrating great buoyancy control.

Tip 1. Take a buoyancy course

Good buoyancy is the key to good air consumption. There are three main benefits of being weighted well and demonstrating good buoyancy: you don't waste a lot of air inflating and deflating your BCD, your breathing is more regulated and you use less energy.

Whenever we have Advanced Open Water Diver students, the first dive of the course that we always strongly recommend they complete is the Peak Performance Buoyancy dive. You learn how to weight yourself properly, how to swim in a good, efficient manner and how to use your lungs, not your BCD, to control your buoyancy. It's a really beneficial dive that improves people's diving for their entire diving careers, so it's a dive that should definitely not be missed.

Want to take it even further? Take an entire buoyancy specialty course, where you spend several dives focusing just on buoyancy. This will greatly improve your diving and your air consumption in the long run.

Tip 2. Be a yogi (or at least breathe like one)

A lot of people find that doing yoga benefits them as scuba divers. Even if you don't do yoga, it doesn't hurt to breathe like someone that does. Yoga breathing is very similar to how you should breathe in scuba diving. Nice, long deep breaths in and nice, long deep breaths out.

Breathing deeply not only improves your air consumption, but it improves your buoyancy control as well. Your lungs act as a secondary buoyancy control device, so breathing shallowly and holding air in your lugs will make you more positively buoyant. If you are positively buoyant on a dive, especially during your safety stop, it can stress you out and make you breathe even more shallow, further increasing your buoyancy. Breathing your air out deeply will help neutralize your buoyancy, so you get the double benefit of better air consumption, buoyancy control and less stress when you breathe deeply.

Tip 3. To take it further, try the 1:2 rule

When I first started diving, I wanted to see just how good I could get my air consumption, so I started a 1:2 rule to see if it made a difference. Breathe in for a certain number of seconds (4 seconds was comfortable for me) and breathe out for twice that period of time (8 seconds out). While it wasn't a type of breathing I would naturally do, focusing so much on my breathing and taking the time to not only breathe in slowly, but to also breathe out slowly, made a difference for my air consumption. Now, I can actually get two 60 minutes dives off of one tank if I am so inclined (I'm not normally so inclined, but it's had its benefits before).

Tip 4. Be efficient

Efficiency is the name of the game in scuba diving. Efficient kicking is important to decrease your energy consumption and breathing. When you're diving, you basically want to be hovering always with a gently kick or two every once in a while. Try not to use your arms as that will increase your energy consumption, and though you may not notice it, your breathing will increase as well. Watching your guide or instructor as they dive and see if they're being efficient. If they are, try to mimic them and see how it suits you! If they're flip-floppiting everywhere, then use them as your example of what not to do.

Tip 5. Be gentle with yourself

Being a good diver does not always come naturally to everyone. Some people are great divers on their first Discover Scuba Diving program. Some people require dozens of dives and lots of additional training before they become good, comfortable divers. Everyone is different. If your air consumption is faster than the others, that's okay. With time and some practice, your air consumption will improve, so give yourself a break and just enjoy yourself. The more stressed you are, the more you will breathe, so just relax and enjoy your dive!

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So there you have it, 5 smart ways to improve your air consumption! Remember, the most important part of your scuba diving experience is to be mindful, smart, and most of all, have fun. Everything else will come in time, so enjoy the beautiful underwater world and you'll get a 60 minute dive before you know it!